Constellation, Cyg
Cygnus: the Swan
Cygnus covers 806 square degrees of sky, the 16th largest of the 88. Its brightest star is Deneb. It is best placed in the evening sky in September.
Cygnus at a glance
| Fact | Value |
|---|---|
| IAU abbreviation | Cyg |
| Meaning | the Swan |
| Pronounced | SIG- SIG-nu |
| Genitive, used in star names | Cygni (for example a Bayer name such as α Cygni) |
| Area | 806 square degrees, number 16 of 88 by size |
| Stars to magnitude 6 in our catalogue | 137 |
| Brightest star | Deneb, magnitude 1.3 |
| Best seen | Evenings in September, when it is highest at 9 pm |
| Declination range | 28° to 61° |
| Borders | Vulpecula, Lyra, Cepheus, Draco, Lacerta, Pegasus |
Where on Earth you can see Cygnus
Cygnus spans declinations 28° to 61°. Every part of it rises above the horizon at some moment for observers between latitudes 29°S and 90°N. Some of it can be seen from latitudes 62°S to 90°N. North of 62°N none of it ever sets. This is geometry only: it ignores haze, hills and buildings near the horizon.
From six cities
| City | Latitude | Visibility | Middle at its highest |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pune | 18.5°N | All of it rises | 66° |
| New York | 40.7°N | All of it rises | 89° |
| London | 51.5°N | All of it rises | 81° |
| Tromsø | 69.6°N | Never sets | 62° |
| Tokyo | 35.7°N | All of it rises | 84° |
| Sydney | 33.9°S | Only part of it rises | 14° |
Cygnus's named stars
These stars in Cygnus have names approved by the IAU Working Group on Star Names. Magnitude is brightness: a lower number is brighter, and the faintest stars seen with the naked eye on a dark night are about magnitude 6.
| Star | Designation | Magnitude | Distance (light-years) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deneb | α Cygni | 1.25 | 1,400 |
| Sadr | γ Cygni | 2.23 | 1,800 |
| Aljanah | ε Cygni | 2.48 | 72.7 |
| Fawaris | δ Cygni | 2.86 | 160 |
| Albireo | β Cygni | 3.05 | 430 |
| Azelfafage | π1 Cygni | 4.69 | 1,700 |
Distances are about, from the HYG database (Hipparcos parallax), and "not known" means the catalogue has no reliable parallax for that star.
How these facts were found
The name, meaning and boundaries are the IAU's. Area, borders and the latitude ranges are computed from those boundaries; the brightest star and the star count come from a magnitude-6 star catalogue; star names are matched to the catalogue by Hipparcos number and checked by position. The month is when Cygnus's middle crosses the north-south line of the sky at 9 pm local solar time. See How we know.
Sources
- IAU: The Constellations. Names, meanings, pronunciations and boundaries
- IAU Working Group on Star Names. The official names of stars
- astronomy-engine. The MIT licensed library that does the calculations, run on the page's build machine and in the app
- HYG database v4.4 (astronexus). Distances, spectral types and luminosities, licence CC BY-SA 4.0